The Effect of the Problem-Solving Learning Method on The Mathematical Critical Thinking Skills of Fifth-Grade Students at SDN 11 Tulang Bawang Tengah

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the Problem Solving learning method on the mathematical critical thinking skills of fifth-grade students at SDN 11 Tulang Bawang Tengah. The study used a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest design). The study sample consisted of 25 students who first took a pretest to assess their critical thinking skills, then received instruction using the Problem Solving method, and finally took a posttest to measure improvements in their skills. The results of the data analysis showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores with a p-value of 0.000 (< 0.05). The average score difference of 23.2 points indicates a significant improvement in mathematical critical thinking skills. Furthermore, the effect size calculated using Cohen’s d of –1.275 falls into the “large” category, suggesting that the Problem-Solving method not only has a significant effect but also exerts a strong impact on enhancing students’ skills. Thus, the application of the Problem Solving learning method has proven effective in improving the mathematical critical thinking skills of elementary school students.