Digital Transformation of Teacher Leadership: Innovative Strategies for Increase Quality of Primary and Secondary Education

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##

Dedi Slamet Surohmat
Rangga Firdaus

Abstract

Teacher leadership development is a strategic element in improving the quality of education, especially at the primary and secondary school levels. Along with the rapid digital transformation, technology-based training emerges as an innovative alternative to strengthen teachers' professional competencies on an ongoing basis. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Android-based digital training media in improving teacher leadership skills, including aspects of classroom management, effective communication, and student motivation. The method used was mixed method with ADDIE development model, involving 100 teachers (experimental and control groups) and qualitative data through interviews and observations. Quantitative results showed a significant improvement in all three aspects of leadership skills after the training, with significant differences between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05). Specifically, there was a 25% increase in classroom management, 30% increase in effective communication, and 28% increase in student motivation in the experimental group compared to the control group. Qualitative results supported these findings, with teachers reporting positive changes in classroom management practices and interactions with students. These findings confirm that Android-based digital training is effective in shaping teacher leadership that is adaptive, communicative, and responsive to 21st century learning needs. The integration of digital training is recommended as a strategy in teachers' continuous professional development programs.

##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##

How to Cite
Surohmat, D. S., & Firdaus, R. (2025). Digital Transformation of Teacher Leadership: Innovative Strategies for Increase Quality of Primary and Secondary Education. Jurnal Evaluasi Dan Pembelajaran, 7(2), 105–118. https://doi.org/10.52647/jep.v7i2.379

References

  1. Abtew, Admas, and Alemisa Endebu. 2023. "The Role of Big Data Analytics in Improving Teacher Training in Developing Countries: A Literature Review." Research Square 27 (23): 2–21. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3111391/v1.
  2. Ammar, Mohammad, Noora J. Al-Thani, and Zubair Ahmad. 2024. “Role of Pedagogical Approaches in Fostering Innovation among K-12 Students in STEM Education.” Social Sciences and Humanities Open 9 (9): 100839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.100839.
  3. Bentri, Alwen, Abna Hidayati, and Muhammad Kristiawan. 2022. "Factors Supporting Digital Pedagogical Competence of Primary Education Teachers in Indonesia." Frontiers in Education 7 (09): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.929191.
  4. Butar Butar, Senita, Hari Mulyadi, and Muhamad Arief Ramdhany. 2024. “The Mediating Role of Work Motivation in the Impact of Training on Teachers' Digital Literacy.” Lectura?: Journal of Education 15 (2): 509–20. https://doi.org/10.31849/lectura.v15i2.20646.
  5. Chiu, Thomas KF 2021. "Digital Support for Student Engagement in Blended Learning Based on Self-Determination Theory." Computers in Human Behavior 124 (6): 106909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106909.
  6. Falaq, Yusuf, Noviani Achmad Putri, Muh. Sholeh, and Cahyo Budi Utomo. 2022. “Transformative Learning Theory in Social Studies Education.” Harmony: Journal of Social Studies and Civics Learning 7 (2): 90–97. https://doi.org/10.15294/harmony.v7i2.61711.
  7. Farisia, Hernik, and Imam Syafi'i. 2024. "Professional Development on Digital Literacy for Teachers in Early Childhood Education in the Digital Era." Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education 5 (3): 360–75. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v5i3.820.
  8. Firdaus, Firdaus, Muhammad Giatman, and Ernawati Ernawati. 2022. “Principal's Leadership in Improving Student Learning Outcomes.” Fair Value: Scientific Journal of Accounting and Finance 4 (11): 4837–47. https://doi.org/10.32670/fairvalue.v4i11.1817.
  9. Fu, Wen Heng, and Satrianawati Satrianawati. 2022. “Pedagogy Teachers' Competence Establishes Students' Digital Ethics: Case of Educational Modernization in Indonesia.” International Journal on Educational Insight 3 (1): 19–40. https://doi.org/10.12928/ijei.v3i1.6120.
  10. Hämäläinen, Raija, Kari Nissinen, Joonas Mannonen, Joni Lämsä, Kaisa Leino, and Matti Taajamo. 2021. “Understanding Teaching Professionals' Digital Competence: What Do PIAAC and TALIS Reveal about Technology-Related Skills, Attitudes, and Knowledge?” Computers in Human Behavior 117(5): 2–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106672.
  11. Hennessy, Sara, Sophia D'Angelo, Nora McIntyre, Saalim Koomar, Adam Kreimeia, Lydia Cao, Meaghan Brugha, and Asma Zubairi. 2022. “Technology Use for Teacher Professional Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.” Computers and Education Open 3 (21): 100080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2022.100080.
  12. Hobbs, Renee, and Julie Coiro. 2020. “Design Features of a Professional Development Program in Digital Literacy.” Journal of Adolescent and Adult Literacy 62 (4): 401–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/jaal.907.
  13. Ika Sari, Gema, Shinta Winasis, Ika Pratiwi, Uli Wildan Nuryanto, and Basrowi. 2024. “Strengthening Digital Literacy in Indonesia: Collaboration, Innovation, and Sustainability Education.” Social Sciences and Humanities Open 10 (5): 101100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101100.
  14. Hülya Kasapo?lu, and Bilal Karaca. 2021. “Teachers' Views on Teacher Leadership: A Qualitative Analysis.” International Journal of Progressive Education 17(6): 66–82. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2021.382.5.
  15. Kuo, Bor-Chen, Charlotte Doody, Emanuele Bardone, Frederic Tao, Yi Chang, Hyeji Jang, Hyo-Jeong So, et al. 2023. “Trends and Issues of Promoting Digital Learning in High-Digital-Competitiveness Countries: Country Reports and International Comparison.” Technological and Vocational Education Research Center (TVERC) 41 (5): 2–12.
  16. Kuswandi, Dedi, Hutkemri Zulnaidi, Citra Kurniawan, Fikri Aulia, Zahid Zufar At Thaariq, Dhimas Adhitya Wijanarko, Muhammad Zidni Ilman Nafi'a, and Lu'luil Maknuunah. 2023. "Digital Learning Literacy Training and Mentoring Using ADDIE Model." Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology and Education (ICITE 2021) 609 (Icite): 98–103. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211210.016.
  17. Lacerenza, Christina N., Denise L. Reyes, Shannon L. Marlow, Dana L. Joseph, and Eduardo Salas. 2020. “Leadership Training Design, Delivery, and Implementation: A Meta-Analysis.” Journal of Applied Psychology 102 (12): 1686–1718. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000241.
  18. Lohr, Anne, Michael Sailer, Matthias Stadler, and Frank Fischer. 2024. “Digital Learning in Schools: Which Skills Do Teachers Need, and Who Should Bring Their Own Devices?” Teaching and Teacher Education 152 (9): 104788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2024.104788.
  19. Madhakomala, R., M. Akrimul Hakim, and Nabillah Syifauzzuhrah. 2022. "Problems of Education in Indonesia and Alternative Solutions." International Journal of Business, Law, and Education 3(3): 135–44. https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v3i3.64.
  20. Malik, Ranbir Singh. 2020. “Educational Challenges In 21st Century And Sustainable Development.” Journal of Sustainable Development Education and Research 2 (1): 9–20.
  21. McCarthy, Aidan Michael, Dorit Maor, Andrew McConney, and Cathy Cavanaugh. 2023. “Digital Transformation in Education: Critical Components for Leaders of System Change.” Social Sciences and Humanities Open 8 (1): 100479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100479.
  22. Momdjian, Levon, Marni Manegre, and Mar Gutiérrez-Colón. 2024. “Digital Competences of Teachers in Lebanon: A Comparison of Teachers' Competences to Educational Standards.” Research in Learning Technology 32 (1063519): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.25304/rlt.v32.3203.
  23. Muawanah, Uyu, Arita Marini, and Iva Sarifah. 2024. "The Interconnection between Digital Literacy, Artificial Intelligence, and the Use of E-Learning Applications in Enhancing the Sustainability of Regional Languages: Evidence from Indonesia." Social Sciences and Humanities Open 10 (5): 101169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101169.
  24. Muhammadiah, Mas'ud, Andi Hamsiah, Abdurrohman Muzakki, Nuramila Nuramila, and Zain Ahmad Fauzi. 2022. “The Role of the Professional Teacher as the Agent of Change for Students.” AL-ISHLAH: Journal of Education 14 (4): 6887–96. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v14i4.1372.
  25. Noble, Pondra. 2024. “Analysis of the Implementation of the Independent Curriculum in Indonesian Language Teaching?: Literature Review of Current Issues and Challenges.” JICN: Indonesian Journal of Intellectuals and Scholars 1 (5): 7932–42.
  26. Poelman, Astrid AM, Maeva Cochet-Broch, Janne Beelen, Bonnie Wiggins, Jessica E. Heffernan, and David N. Cox. 2021. “Teacher Evaluation of an Experiential Vegetable Education Program for Australian Primary Schools: Does Face-to-Face Training Add Value above Digital Training?” Nutrients 13 (5). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051648.
  27. Putra, Johni Eka, A Sobandi, and Aisah Aisah. 2024. “The Urgency of Digital Technology in Education: A Systematic Literature Review.” EDUCATIO Journal: Indonesian Journal of Education 10 (1): 224. https://doi.org/10.29210/1202423960.
  28. Raave, Doris Kristina, Katrin Saks, Margus Pedaste, and Eric Roldan Roa. 2024. “How and Why Teachers Use Technology: Distinct Integration Practices in K-12 Education.” Education Sciences 14 (12): 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14121301.
  29. Rahmawati, Sherly, Ade Gafar Abdullah, and Isma Widiaty. 2024. “Teachers' Digital Literacy Overview in Secondary School.” International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education 13 (1): 597–606. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v13i1.25747.
  30. Ramdani, Junjun Muhamad, and Xuesong Gao. 2024. "Exploratory Practice for Teacher Professional Development in Indonesia." TESOL Journal 15(2): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesj.775.
  31. Resch, Katharina. 2023. “Diversity Skills for Future Teachers: How Transformative Learning Prepares Pre-Service Teachers for Diversity in Austrian Schools.” Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning 13 (1): 66–79. https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-05-2022-0096.
  32. Samsudin, Norhanida, and Muhammad Faizal A. Ghani. 2020. “Teacher Technological Leadership: Realizing Potentials and Practices.” Atlantis Press SARL 400 (19): 52–56. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200130.138.
  33. Schott, Carina, Henrico van Roekel, and Lars G. Tummers. 2020. "Teacher Leadership: A Systematic Review, Methodological Quality Assessment and Conceptual Framework." Educational Research Review 31 (June): 100352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2020.100352.
  34. Sholichah, Aas Siti, Mufasir Alam, Dendi Dendi, and EE. Junaedi Sastradiharja. 2023. “Digitalization of Education and Its Impact on Urban Society: A Study on Junior High School Teachers.” AL-ISHLAH: Journal of Education 15 (3): 2895–2905. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i3.2103.
  35. Soekamto, Hadi, Irina Nikolaeva, Abbas Abd Ali Abbood, Denis Grachev, Mikhail Kosov, Alexey Yumashev, Evgeniy Kostyrin, Natalia Lazareva, Angelina Kvitkovskaja, and Natalya Nikitina. 2022. "Professional Development of Rural Teachers Based on Digital Literacy." Emerging Science Journal 6(6): 1525–40. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-06-019.
  36. Stutchbury, Kris, Margaret Ebubedike, Sandra Amos, and Liz Chamberlain. 2023. “Professional Development in the Digital Age: Supporting Improvements in Teacher Education through MOOCs.” Open Learning 40(1): 67–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2023.2195875.
  37. Sunu, I Gusti Ketut Arya. 2021. “Effective Leadership in Class Management with Online Learning.” Undiksha Journal of Citizenship Education 9 (1): 234–46. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JJPP/article/view/32724.
  38. Supriadi, Ajay, Muhammad Faiz Iqbal, Alva Nandana Pratista, Diaz Mauludin Sriyono, and Dheaka Jaya Buanasari. 2021. “Blockchain and IoT Technology Transformation in Indonesian Education.” International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering 17 (12): 4–18. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v17i12.25015.
  39. Tohir, A., Muslim, S., & Situmorang, R. (2025). The Effectiveness of the Digital 5E Learning Model Integrated with Google Classroom on Science Learning Outcomes in Junior High School. Journal of Neonatal Surgery, 14(6), 259–263.
  40. Tohir, A., Muslim, S., & Situmorang, R. (2025). Integration of Technology in Learning: Enhancing Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in Secondary School Students. International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.3474
  41. Val, Sonia, and Helena López-Bueno. 2024. “Analysis of Digital Teacher Education: Key Aspects for Bridging the Digital Divide and Improving the Teaching–Learning Process.” Education Sciences 14(3): 2–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030321.
  42. Ventista, O.M., and C. Brown. 2023. “Teachers' Professional Learning and Its Impact on Students' Learning Outcomes: Findings from a Systematic Review.” Social Sciences and Humanities Open 8 (1): 100565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100565.
  43. Wardinur, Wardinur, and Fuadi Mutawally. 2022. “Improving Teacher Competence Through Training in the Use of Technology as a Learning Support Media at MAN 1 Pidie.” USK Sociology Journal (Media Thought & Application) 13 (2): 167–82. https://doi.org/10.24815/jsu.v13i2.16422.
  44. Wibowo, Setiawan Edi, Bambang Saptono, Agung Hastomo, Herwin, and Amalia Rizki Ardiansyah. 2023. “The Challenges of Implementing the Independent Curriculum in Indonesian Language Learning in Elementary School High Classes.” Elementary School Scientific Journal 7 (3): 536–45. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v7i3.59167.
  45. Yuliya, Stavissky. 2023. "Teachers as Forced Digital Immigrants in Post-Covid-19 Reality: Does Hybrid Identity Facilitate Successful Integration in Fully Digital Online Teaching Environments?" SCIREA Journal of Education 8(3): 132–57. https://doi.org/10.54647/education880447.